Apparatus for forming piles.



Patented Oct. 15, 1918.

F. SHUI/IAN.

APPLICATION EILED OCT. 2. 1915.

APPARATUS FOR FOHMING PILES.

FRANK SHUMAN, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 THE SIMPLEX CONCRETE PILING COMPANY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT 0F COLUMBIA, A CORPO- RATION 0F THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING PILES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 15, 1918.

Application led October 2, 1915. l Serial No. 53,730.

To all whomz't may concern:

Be it, known that I, FRANK SHUMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented an Apparatus for Forming Piles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in driving forms and in the process of driving the forms into the ground with a casing. l

The main object of the inventionis to provide means for driving the pile form with the casing so that when the casing is driven to the depth desired the pile form can be removed without withdrawing the casing.

The invention also relates to the particular construction of the pile forml whereby the withdrawal of the form is accomplished.

The invention is mainly applicable to a tapered, round or square pile, but in soft ground it can be adapted to straight cylindrical piles.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is' aI longitudinal section showing a pile form with the casing driven into the ground to the depth desired;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, showing the pile form partly removed;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, showing the casing in the ground and the pile form entirely removed and concrete within the cas- Fig 4 is a view illustrating a modification in which the casing is longitudinally corrugated instead of -being transversely corrugated, as illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view on a--a, Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is aview illustrating a modification of the means for coupling the two sections of the pile form;

the line Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing the joint between the two sect-lons of the casing; and

understood that it can be made in as many which it is desired to drive the pile.

1 is the pile form. Q i'sv the corrugated casing. 3 is the driving head of the usual construction. The pile form, as stated above, is made in three sections The lower section 4 has a tapered end 7 forming the point of the pile form. The pile form is gradually tapered, as shown, and there is a central tubular spindle 8 extending substantially the full length of the pile .and this spindle is directly connected to the driving head 3 and while I have shown the spindle tubular, it may be solid in some instances.

A pin 9 extends through flanges on this driving head and through the upper end of the tubular spindle 8. In the present instance, each sect-ion has two independent flanges, which extend to form bearings for the spindle 8. The upper flange of each section forms an abutment for a transverse pin carried by the spindle 8. The flange 6a of the Lipper section 6 forms the abutment for the pin 10. Thel flange 5a forms the abutment for' the pin 11 and the flange 4a forms the abutment for the pin 12. The pin 1.1 is spaced a greater distance from the flange 5 than the pin 10 from'the flange 6a the flange 4a than the pin 11 from the flange 5 so that when it is desired to withdrmv the several sections, as the spindle 8 is withdrawn by any lsuitable mechanism, the pin 10 rst comes in contact with'the flange 6a and lifts the section 6 a given distance before the pin 11 comes in contact with the flange 5a, and when the pin 11 comes in contact with said flange it lift-s the section 5 in advance of the section 4, as the pin 1Q will not come in contact with the flange 4 until the section 5 is raised a given distance, so that by this means only a section at a time is withdrawn from the tight lit-tin casing. The moment the sections move, t len they are released from the casing and it is a comparatively easy matter to remove the entire pile. form from the casing.

As will be noticed from Figs. 1, :2. and 3 4, 5 and 6.

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of the drawings'` the casing is also made in sections of any number desired, dependlng greatly upon the width of the plate from which the sections are made and each of these sections of the casing is corrugated transversely of any size desired, depending considerably upon the character Vof the ground into which vthe pile form is to be driven. One section preferably extends into an adjoining section in the manner shown in Fig. 7, and the lower sectionhas a cap the bottom which incloses the end of the pile form. The corrugated casing is driven into the ground with the pile form and the earth enters the corrugations and aids materially in holding the casing in the position to which it is driven. The walls of the pile form are smooth' and bear only upon the high points of the corrugations so that the friction'al resistance of the groundis very much greater than that .of the driving form and when the driving form is removed the corrugated casing will remain in the ground, particularly when the pile form is made in sections and one'section at a time is removed from the casing. After the pile form is removed, then the casing is filled with concrete in the usual manner. The concrete will conform to the eorrugations of the casing and this'adds materially in holding the finished pile in the proper position in the ground.

In some instances, the corrugations may be vertical instead of transverse, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5, in'which 2a is the corrugated casing encircling the pile form in the manner shown in Fig. 1.

Instead of pins 10,11 and l2, a double headed bolt may connect the two sections, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the heads of the bolts being spaced'apart to allow a certain amount of play between the sections.

I preferably make the lower portion of each shell section and form a shoulder 14 so that this plain portion can enter the end of an adjoining section, and said section will have its true bearing against the shoulder.

I also preferably make the sections of the pile driving form andthe sections of the casing so that the joints of the driving form will not aline with those of the casing in order that one section of the shell will always be held by the next lower section of the pile driving form. The sections of the pile driving form may be quite short so that at all times there will be a suflicient number of lineal feet of the Section of the pile driving form resting in the section of the shell and there will be no danger of the shell lifting out of the ground, although, in some instances, owing to the great friction of the corrugated shell in the ground, it may be advisable to use long sections for the pile form.

In very short piles, it is not absolutely plain, as at 13, Fig. 7,

will readily pull away from the shell, leavl pile driving form, while the topmost section is lifted. For lnstance, a perfectly smooth`v shell may be made without the corrugations, when made of sufficiently heavy sheet metal to withstand the pressure of the ground, and it can. be used if the sections of thepile driving form are made very short so that at all p points there are one or more sections ofthe pile driving form holding down a section of the shell when the upper sectionsy of the pile drivingform are being lifted.

When the last form is being removed it will not haveV a tendency `to draw the shell,

owing to the fact that the entire shell is held by the surrounding earth. The corrugations of the shell may be straight or may be formed spirally, as desired, and the depth of the corrugations may bemoditied without departing from the essential features of the invention.

While I have shown in the main figures the shell as corrugated, it will be understood that it may be indented in any manner desired, as illustrated in Fig. 8, so as to increase the frictional surface against which the earth impinges, the indentations being such that their high points only bear against the smooth portion of the pile form.

I claim:

1. The combination of a pile form made in sections substantially the full diameter of the` pile to be formed, one section being superimposed upon another; and means for loosely coupling the sections so that, when the form is withdrawn, the upper section is released and partly withdrawn before the following section is released.

2. The combination in a pile form, of a series of short sections substantially the full diameter of the tion being superimposed upon another; a spindle extending longitudinally through the several sections; and a driving head connected to the spindle and arranged to rest on the upper section of the pile form, said spindle being loosely connected to the sections of the pile form so that after the pile is driven the sections can be progressively removed.

3. The combination in a pile form, of a series of short sections, one superimposed upon another, each section having an inpile to be formed, one sec" ternal flange near each end; a spindle exsection; a central tubular spindle extending tending through the several sections; and throughout the entire length of the pile pins carried by the spindle and arranged to form and carrying a series of transverse 10 engage the flanges of the sections. pins arranged to engage the flanges of the 5 4. The combination in a tapered pile sections; and a driving head secured to the' form, of a series/of sections, one superirntubular spindle. posed upon another, internal flanges on each FRANK SHUMAN. 

